ヒトが絶望するのは絶望する能力があるとも言える。 それは自我、自意識というものを持っているから。
動物とヒトを分けるものはおそらくそれを持っているかどうか。
持っていない状態を想像するのにはゾンビというものを考えればいい。
生存本能や反射だけで行動する存在。
もう少し言えばゾンビが論理的に考えることができる存在であったらどうかと考えればいい。
では何故ヒトが自意識を持ったのかということだがこれは脳の発達に伴う必然だったのだろう。
何故ヒトだけが脳を発達させたのかというとヒトだけが手を自由に使えるように進化したからだろう。
ヒトの手の器用さは他の動物では考えられない。
手の潜在能力を生かすためにはそれをどう使えばいいかが考えられなくてはいけない。
すなわち抽象的に考える能力が必要。
その能力が発達した結果自意識、自我というものに目覚めた。
それには特に哲学的な理由はない。ただの必然であり同時に偶然である。
漫画やアニメではヒトなみの知性を持った動物や登場人物が動物に憑依する話が描かれることがある。
しかしその動物たちが人間社会に向きあったときにはほとんどなす術がない。
手が自由に使えないからだ。
すなわち手を使えない生き物に知性があってもあまり意味がないということであり手と脳の相関関係の証拠でもある。
自意識を持った結果ヒトは苦痛を知った。
ヒトが人生に悲観するのは苦痛を知っているから。
苦痛の原因となること、寒い暑い痛い腹が減ったなどは生物が生きるために原因を取り除く必要のあること。
本当はそれはただの不都合であって特に苦痛と感じる必要はない。
不都合を感じてそれを除く手段をこうじればいいだけ。
しかしヒトはそれを苦痛と感じて辛いという意識を持つようになった。
それはただヒトが自意識を持つようになったことからの自然の流れであって特に意味はない。
同時にそれが特別酷く改善不能なものでない限り悲観する必要はない。
自意識がなかった動物であった頃と同じように淡々と対処すればいいだけである。
そういう苦痛はもともとは生存に最低限必要なことであったのだろう。
すなわち暑い寒い腹減った怖いなどといったことである。
しかし文明が発達して生存の危険からは逃れることができるようになってからもヒトは苦痛から逃れるのとはできない。
これはヒト、生き物、そもそもそれが無機質な物であっても、およそ存在するものは満足というものが与えられないからである。
これはまだそういうふうに出来ているとしか言えないが満足したらそこで成長が止まってしまうからである。
成長が止まるというのは静止した状態になるということだ。
この世に存在するものたちに規則があるとすれば、それは止まることが許されていないことだろう。
それがヒトであればそれを動かすには苦痛を与えるか快楽を与えるしかない。
しかしそれは我知らず決められたことでありそんなものに全面的に従う義理はない。
だから苦痛をそのまま苦痛と感じることなどは止めるがいい。
それはただ対応すべき課題であるに過ぎないのだ。
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